Ubiquitous or pervasive wireless networks consist of different hardware and software structures. They include various mobile wireless communication devices like WiFi-ready PDAs, Internet ready cell phones, RFI sensor devices, hand held devices and RFID tags. Ubiquitous networks enables IT department to connect and automate organizational information form several departments so as to access and control such information and services from a single point. These activities are accessed over ubiquitous heterogeneous system that span mobile, fixed, broadcasting and wireless networks in organizations thus allowing the flawless delivery of more services and data.

How an Information Technology Department might implement and maintain a pervasive wireless network

The technology of Radio-frequency Identification (RFI) can be utilized by IT department to track and read the properties of active objects in offices. RFID is standardized and is inexpensive. It is one of the most recent ubiquitous communication technologies in the global world of Internet (Ilyas & Mahgoub, 2005, p. 900). It has three major components: middleware, interrogators and transponders. It can gather data of physical status of active objects together with their surroundings and then processes that data before transferring other computational tasks to the network edge. Through use of voice over IP (VoIP), the IT department can expand the mobile workforce of their organizations by providing mobile employees in companies with access to critical company information and collaboration tools wherever they are across the organizational branch, while creating a reliable user experience with the right applications, the right network and the right electronic devices. VoIP gateways are completely integrated wireless as well as wired solution that give vital features to support cohesive communications within organizations.

In addition, the department of IT can use Virtual private networks to create secure software connections within organizations. These logical connections are usually created using encrypted security standards and protocols to prevent unauthorized people from accessing critical transmitted information. IT departments that use Virtual private networks technology save on cost of leased lines, private WAN connection and charges on long distance phone. Through Virtual private networks, business organizations grant limited network access to their vendors, business partners and customers hence considerably increasing the speed and effectiveness of business-to business sales, communications, customer service management and order processing. For effective departmental organization, the IT department can make use of technological advancement by their company departments by using Bluetooth. Given that Bluetooth is omnidirectional and is capable of traveling through non-metal obstacles, it can link printers, cell phones and laptops in different offices using radio frequency signals thus replacing all networking cables in the organization (Boukerche, 2006, p. 579).

Moreover, all wired Ethernet connections can be replaced by wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) that works at 2.4 GHz frequency band. This is in preference to wired Ethernet that uses the 900 MHz band. The IT department can set up an access point in their organization and use Wi-Fi desktop adapters and PC cards to connect to other base stations in other organizational departments to aid in transmitting radio frequency signals to clients located in different buildings that are about 300 feet apart (Stojmenovi%u0107, 2002, p. 467). Wi-Fi signals from high antennas have the capabilities of traveling through drywall, wood and solid objects.

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The range of applications that are supported by pervasive wireless networking

A pervasive or ubiquitous wireless access networks gives manifoldness of interesting new applications in heterogeneous mobile wireless connectivity ranging from sensors through objects and then computers. To start with, in home care as well as health care, wireless connectivity significantly improves the quality of life of the aged people and notably reduces cost. A pervasive network of sensors in addition to communicating objects in automobiles assists in considerably reducing traffic pollution and congestion through use of pollution awareness traffic routing. In supply chain management, wireless object identification greatly improves the distribution and production efficiency. Ubiquitous computing, wearable computing and pervasive networking are working together to move computers into organizational environment (Babao%u011Flu, 2005, p. 323).

This move will fabulously impact the lifestyle of many people by using wireless access networking. In internet, pervasive wireless access networks are used for transmitting large data traffic bulk instead of human initiated communication (Smirnov, 2006, p. 57).The management opportunities associated with wireless networking includes improved network speeds, use of wireless capabilities and use of visual technologies in information analysis in organizations. These require the acquisition of above mentioned hardware and software structures of ubiquitous computing which will eventually lower maintenance cost and increase affordability. Alternative technological tools will be produced. The management challenges associated with wireless networking include the need for more privacy, security and quality of service. The organizational management is faced with a challenge of continuing to simultaneously stabilize the company network and adapt to globalization. Competition for knowledge workforce is robust. Various security levels particularly the increased network authentication demand is needed to protect information and data being transmitted on the network.

A number of managerial controls along with socio-technical adaptations are required in both wired and wireless companies to tackle those challenges. First appropriate design of ubiquitous computing technologies should be designed in organizations. Managers should not only take designed pervasive network configurations that are stable in the market but also those that are consistent in their departmental contexts. Managers should the embed information technologies especially devices of ubiquitous computing in their organizations and understand the complex employee interactions with the newly acquired equipment. The interactions among users of technology such as managers and other employees help select, modify, reinterpret and create new technologies too. This shows that as employees adopt and make use of new technologies, they modify them and transform their relationships with the newly acquired technologies and their contexts of business organizational.

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